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version: "1.0.5" name: azure-iot-operations description: Expert knowledge for Azure IoT Operations development including troubleshooting, best practices, decision making, architecture & design patterns, limits & quotas, security, configuration, integrations & coding patterns, and deployment. Use when building MQTT/OPC UA data flows, WASM/ONNX transforms, Dapr/Akri integrations, or ISA‑95 unified namespaces, and other Azure IoT Operations related development tasks. Not for Azure IoT (use azure-iot), Azure IoT Hub (use azure-iot-hub), Azure IoT Edge (use azure-iot-edge), Azure IoT Central (use azure-iot-central). compatibility: Requires network access. Uses mcp_microsoftdocs:microsoft_docs_fetch or fetch_webpage to retrieve documentation. metadata: generated_at: "2026-08-16" generator: "docs2skills/1.0.0"
Azure IoT Operations Skill
This skill provides expert guidance for Azure IoT Operations. Covers troubleshooting, best practices, decision making, architecture & design patterns, limits & quotas, security, configuration, integrations & coding patterns, and deployment. It combines local quick-reference content with remote documentation fetching capabilities.
How to Use This Skill
IMPORTANT for Agent: Use the Category Index below to locate relevant sections. For categories with line ranges (e.g.,L35-L120), useread_filewith the specified lines. For categories with file links (e.g.,[security.md](security.md)), useread_fileon the linked reference file
IMPORTANT for Agent: Ifmetadata.generated_atis more than 3 months old, suggest the user pull the latest version from the repository. Ifmcp_microsoftdocstools are not available, suggest the user install it: Installation Guide
This skill requires network access to fetch documentation content:
- Preferred: Use
mcp_microsoftdocs:microsoft_docs_fetchwith query stringfrom=learn-agent-skill. Returns Markdown. - Fallback: Use
fetch_webpagewith query stringfrom=learn-agent-skill&accept=text/markdown. Returns Markdown.
Category Index
| Category | Lines | Description | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Troubleshooting | L37-L46 | Diagnosing and fixing Azure IoT Operations issues: debugging WASM modules, private network connectivity, health reason codes, known component bugs, tooling, and deployment/config problems. | |
| Best Practices | L47-L54 | Guidance for production-ready Azure IoT Operations: deployment patterns, HA MQTT edge app design, using state store for durable edge data, and testing/troubleshooting MQTT connectivity. | |
| Decision Making | L55-L65 | Guidance for planning and choosing Azure IoT Operations architectures: data flows vs graphs, deployment topology/sizing, MQTT broker diagnostics, buffering and persistence, and OPC UA asset discovery modes. | |
| Architecture & Design Patterns | L66-L71 | Designing Azure IoT architectures using ISA-95 unified namespace concepts and planning layered, segmented networking topologies for secure, scalable IoT Operations deployments. | |
| Limits & Quotas | L72-L78 | Capacity planning for OPC UA sessions and HA, baseline resource usage estimates, and MQTT broker feature, packet, and throughput limits in Azure IoT Operations. | |
| Security | L79-L95 | Securing Azure IoT Operations: TLS/mutual TLS, MQTT authz/authn, OPC UA trust, RBAC/ABAC, cert and secret management, image verification, and internal traffic encryption. | |
| Configuration | L96-L137 | Configuring IoT data flows, endpoints, connectors, MQTT/OPC UA, storage/analytics targets, observability, health reporting, and private connectivity in Azure IoT Operations. | |
| Integrations & Coding Patterns | L138-L158 | Patterns and code for IoT data flows: expressions, filters, branching, throttling, routing, windowed aggregation, WASM transforms, ONNX, state store, OPC UA, Dapr, Akri, media and camera connectors. | |
| Deployment | L159-L171 | Deploying, upgrading, cloning, and managing Azure IoT Operations instances, including secure production/test setups, private networks, Dapr/WASM components, and supported versions. |
Troubleshooting
| Topic | URL | |
|---|---|---|
| Debug Azure IoT WASM modules in VS Code | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/develop-edge-apps/howto-debug-wasm-modules | |
| Troubleshoot private connectivity in Azure IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/manage-layered-network/howto-troubleshoot-private-connectivity | |
| Interpret Azure IoT Operations health reason codes | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/reference/health-status-reason-codes | |
| Resolve known issues in Azure IoT Operations components | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/troubleshoot/known-issues | |
| Use tools to troubleshoot Azure IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/troubleshoot/tips-tools | |
| Troubleshoot Azure IoT Operations deployments and configuration | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/troubleshoot/troubleshoot |
Best Practices
| Topic | URL | |
|---|---|---|
| Apply production deployment guidelines for Azure IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/deploy-iot-ops/concept-production-guidelines | |
| Design highly available edge apps with Azure IoT Operations MQTT broker | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/develop-edge-apps/overview-edge-apps | |
| Use Azure IoT Operations state store for persistent edge data | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/develop-edge-apps/overview-state-store | |
| Test MQTT broker connectivity in Azure IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/manage-mqtt-broker/howto-test-connection |
Decision Making
| Topic | URL | |
|---|---|---|
| Select between data flows and data flow graphs | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/overview-dataflow-comparison | |
| Plan production-scale Azure IoT Operations deployments | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/deploy-iot-ops/concept-production-examples | |
| Plan Azure IoT Operations deployment topology and sizing | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/deployment-plan/deployment-planning | |
| Plan MQTT broker diagnostics configuration | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/deployment-plan/deployment-planning-diagnostics | |
| Plan disk-backed message buffering for MQTT broker | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/deployment-plan/deployment-planning-disk-buffer | |
| Decide MQTT broker persistence strategy for IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/deployment-plan/deployment-planning-persistence | |
| Choose OPC UA asset discovery modes in Azure IoT | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/discover-manage-assets/concept-opc-ua-asset-discovery |
Architecture & Design Patterns
| Topic | URL | |
|---|---|---|
| Build ISA-95 unified namespace with Azure IoT | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/discover-manage-assets/howto-build-unified-namespace | |
| Design layered networking for Azure IoT Operations deployments | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/manage-layered-network/concept-layered-network |
Limits & Quotas
| Topic | URL | |
|---|---|---|
| Plan OPC UA session sharing and high availability capacity | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/discover-manage-assets/howto-configure-opc-ua-sessions-high-availability | |
| Plan Azure IoT Operations baseline resource usage | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/reference/concept-resource-profiles | |
| Review MQTT feature and packet limits in Azure IoT Operations broker | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/reference/mqtt-support |
Security
| Topic | URL | |
|---|---|---|
| Configure custom certificate issuer for Azure IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/deploy-iot-ops/howto-bring-your-own-issuer | |
| Plan internal traffic encryption for MQTT broker pods | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/deployment-plan/deployment-planning-encryption | |
| Configure OPC UA certificate trust for IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/discover-manage-assets/howto-configure-opc-ua-certificates-infrastructure | |
| Configure OPC UA certificate trust for Azure IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/discover-manage-assets/overview-opc-ua-connector-certificates-management | |
| Configure authentication for Azure IoT Operations MQTT broker | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/manage-mqtt-broker/howto-configure-authentication | |
| Configure authorization policies for Azure IoT Operations MQTT broker | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/manage-mqtt-broker/howto-configure-authorization | |
| Secure MQTT broker endpoints with BrokerListener configuration | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/manage-mqtt-broker/howto-configure-brokerlistener | |
| Configure TLS, X.509 auth, and ABAC for IoT MQTT | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/manage-mqtt-broker/tutorial-tls-x509 | |
| Define custom RBAC roles for IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/reference/custom-rbac | |
| Enable secure settings and identities in Azure IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/secure-iot-ops/howto-enable-secure-settings | |
| Manage TLS certificates for external IoT Operations communications | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/secure-iot-ops/howto-manage-certificates | |
| Manage secrets for Arc-enabled IoT Operations clusters | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/secure-iot-ops/howto-manage-secrets | |
| Verify authenticity of Azure IoT Operations images | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/secure-iot-ops/howto-validate-images |
Configuration
| Topic | URL | |
|---|---|---|
| Define and configure data flow graphs in Azure IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/concept-dataflow-graphs | |
| Configure Azure Data Lake Gen2 endpoints for IoT data | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/howto-configure-adlsv2-endpoint | |
| Configure Azure Data Explorer endpoints for IoT data | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/howto-configure-adx-endpoint | |
| Configure destinations and dynamic topics for IoT data flows | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/howto-configure-dataflow-destination | |
| Configure data flow endpoints in Azure IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/howto-configure-dataflow-endpoint | |
| Configure data flow profiles and instance counts | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/howto-configure-dataflow-profile | |
| Configure data flow sources and topics in Azure IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/howto-configure-dataflow-source | |
| Configure buffering and disk persistence for IoT data flows | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/howto-configure-disk-persistence | |
| Configure Fabric OneLake endpoints in Azure IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/howto-configure-fabric-endpoint | |
| Configure Fabric Real-Time Intelligence endpoints for IoT | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/howto-configure-fabric-real-time-intelligence | |
| Configure Kafka and Event Hubs endpoints in Azure IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/howto-configure-kafka-endpoint | |
| Configure local storage data flow endpoints in Azure IoT | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/howto-configure-local-storage-endpoint | |
| Configure MQTT data flow endpoints in Azure IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/howto-configure-mqtt-endpoint | |
| Create and configure data flows in Azure IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/howto-create-dataflow | |
| Create data flow graphs with composable transforms | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/howto-create-dataflow-graph | |
| Configure filter stages in Azure IoT Operations data flows | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/howto-dataflow-filter | |
| Configure map transforms in Azure IoT data flow graphs | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/howto-dataflow-graphs-map | |
| Configure OpenTelemetry endpoints in Azure IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/open-telemetry | |
| Configure unified health status reporting to Azure | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/deploy-iot-ops/health-status-reporting | |
| Configure observability and dashboards for Azure IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/deploy-iot-ops/howto-configure-observability | |
| Configure advanced MQTT options for Azure IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/deployment-plan/deployment-planning-mqtt-options | |
| Configure container registry endpoints for IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/develop-edge-apps/howto-configure-registry-endpoint | |
| Configure WebAssembly graph definitions for IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/develop-edge-apps/howto-configure-wasm-graph-definitions | |
| Configure OPC UA assets and datasets in Azure IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/discover-manage-assets/howto-configure-opc-ua | |
| Configure advanced OPC UA data collection features | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/discover-manage-assets/howto-configure-opc-ua-advanced-data-collection | |
| Configure OPC UA asset discovery in Azure IoT | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/discover-manage-assets/howto-detect-opc-ua-assets | |
| Create and manage connector templates in Azure IoT | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/discover-manage-assets/howto-manage-connector-templates | |
| Configure HTTP/REST connector assets and devices | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/discover-manage-assets/howto-use-http-connector | |
| Configure MQTT connector assets in Azure IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/discover-manage-assets/howto-use-mqtt-connector | |
| Configure ONVIF connector for camera media streams | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/discover-manage-assets/howto-use-onvif-connector | |
| Manage Azure IoT Operations resources in the operations experience UI | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/discover-manage-assets/howto-use-operations-experience | |
| Configure SSE connector for server-sent events | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/discover-manage-assets/howto-use-sse-connector | |
| Configure private connectivity for Azure IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/manage-layered-network/howto-private-connectivity | |
| Configure data persistence for Azure IoT Operations MQTT broker | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/manage-mqtt-broker/howto-broker-persistence | |
| Monitor Akri and connectors with Azure IoT metrics | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/reference/observability-metrics-akri-connectors | |
| Monitor Azure IoT Operations data flows with metrics | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/reference/observability-metrics-data-flows | |
| Use MQTT broker observability metrics in Azure IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/reference/observability-metrics-mqtt-broker | |
| Use OPC UA connector observability metrics in IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/reference/observability-metrics-opcua-broker |
Integrations & Coding Patterns
| Topic | URL | |
|---|---|---|
| Use expression language in Azure IoT data flows | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/concept-dataflow-graphs-expressions | |
| Deploy custom WASM transforms in Azure IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/howto-dataflow-graph-wasm | |
| Enrich IoT Operations data flows with state store datasets | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/howto-dataflow-graphs-enrich | |
| Control IoT Operations data flow with filters and branches | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/howto-dataflow-graphs-filter-route | |
| Throttle MQTT message rate in IoT Operations data flows | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/howto-dataflow-graphs-throttle | |
| Route MQTT topics dynamically with IoT Operations data flows | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/howto-dataflow-graphs-topic-routing | |
| Configure windowed aggregation in IoT Operations data flows | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/connect-to-cloud/howto-dataflow-graphs-window | |
| Build and test WASM modules for Azure IoT data flows | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/develop-edge-apps/howto-build-wasm-modules | |
| Build and deploy custom Akri REST connectors | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/develop-edge-apps/howto-develop-akri-connectors | |
| Develop Dapr apps integrating with MQTT broker | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/develop-edge-apps/howto-develop-dapr-apps | |
| Run ONNX inference inside IoT WASM data flows | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/develop-edge-apps/howto-wasm-onnx-inference | |
| Validate WASM messages with Azure IoT schema registry | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/develop-edge-apps/howto-wasm-schema-registry | |
| Use state store with Azure IoT WASM operators | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/develop-edge-apps/howto-wasm-state-store | |
| Implement Azure IoT Operations state store protocol | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/develop-edge-apps/reference-state-store-protocol | |
| Control OPC UA server data via Azure IoT Operations | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/discover-manage-assets/howto-control-opc-ua | |
| Configure Azure IoT media connector for cameras | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/discover-manage-assets/howto-use-media-connector | |
| Capture ONVIF camera media to Azure Blob Storage | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/end-to-end-tutorials/tutorial-onvif-media-blob-storage |
Deployment
| Topic | URL | |
|---|---|---|
| Clean up Azure IoT Operations observability resources | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/deploy-iot-ops/howto-clean-up-observability-resources | |
| Deploy Azure IoT Operations securely to production clusters | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/deploy-iot-ops/howto-deploy-iot-operations | |
| Deploy Azure IoT Operations to a test cluster | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/deploy-iot-ops/howto-deploy-iot-test-operations | |
| Deploy Dapr pluggable components with MQTT broker | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/develop-edge-apps/howto-deploy-dapr | |
| Deploy WASM modules and graph definitions for IoT data flows | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/develop-edge-apps/howto-deploy-wasm-graph-definitions | |
| Deploy Azure IoT Operations in layered private networks | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/end-to-end-tutorials/tutorial-layered-network-private-connectivity | |
| Clone Azure IoT Operations instances using Azure CLI | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/manage-iot-ops/howto-clone-instance | |
| Manage, update, and uninstall Azure IoT Operations instances | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/manage-iot-ops/howto-manage-update-uninstall | |
| Upgrade Azure IoT Operations deployments to newer versions | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/manage-iot-ops/howto-upgrade | |
| Check Azure IoT Operations supported versions and environments | https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/iot-operations/overview-support |